{
  "$schema": "https://militaryspend.org/schemas/iran-war-snapshot.schema.json",
  "title": "Iran War (Operation Epic Fury) — Key Figures Snapshot",
  "description": "Static snapshot of current key figures from MilitarySpend.org's Iran war trackers. Updated as underlying data changes.",
  "lastUpdated": "2026-09-04T00:00:00+00:00",
  "warName": "Operation Epic Fury",
  "warStart": "2026-02-28T01:15:00+00:00",
  "ceasefireStart": "2026-04-08T00:00:00+00:00",
  "warCostEstimate": {
    "currency": "USD",
    "model": "phased",
    "phases": [
      {
        "label": "Initial strikes",
        "days": "1-6",
        "dailyCostUsd": 1880000000
      },
      {
        "label": "Sustained operations",
        "days": "7-39",
        "dailyCostUsd": 500000000
      },
      {
        "label": "Ceasefire standby",
        "days": "40+",
        "dailyCostUsd": 95000000
      }
    ],
    "pennWhartonDirectMilitaryTotalUsd": {
      "low": 27000000000,
      "high": 28000000000
    },
    "csisMilestones": [
      {
        "day": 6,
        "cumulativeUsd": 11300000000
      },
      {
        "day": 12,
        "cumulativeUsd": 16500000000
      }
    ]
  },
  "casualtyRanges": {
    "asOf": "2026-09-04",
    "us": {
      "kia": {
        "low": 18,
        "high": 20,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "CENTCOM / Military Times / CRS R48887"
      },
      "wia": {
        "low": 794,
        "high": 900,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "CENTCOM / Military Times / The Intercept"
      },
      "mia": {
        "low": 0,
        "high": 1,
        "confidence": "unverified",
        "source": "CENTCOM"
      }
    },
    "iran": {
      "militaryKia": {
        "low": 1800,
        "high": 7650,
        "confidence": "disputed",
        "source": "HRANA / IDF / IRNA / Hengaw"
      },
      "seniorCommandKilled": {
        "low": 48,
        "high": 52,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "Iran International / Al Jazeera / Reuters"
      },
      "militaryWia": {
        "low": 4200,
        "high": 15000,
        "confidence": "disputed",
        "source": "Iranian Red Crescent / IDF / HRANA"
      }
    },
    "civilians": {
      "iran": {
        "low": 1701,
        "high": 3636,
        "confidence": "disputed",
        "source": "HRANA / Iran MoH / Iran Forensic Medicine Org"
      },
      "israel": {
        "low": 28,
        "high": 28,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "Israeli MoH / Times of Israel / Wikipedia"
      },
      "lebanon": {
        "low": 4348,
        "high": 4348,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "Lebanese MoH / Nation.com.pk / The Peninsula Qatar"
      },
      "gulfStates": {
        "low": 43,
        "high": 51,
        "confidence": "verified",
        "source": "Wikipedia Casualties of the 2026 Iran war / The National Jun 3"
      }
    },
    "usEquipmentAttritionUsd": 5768000000
  },
  "ceasefireStatus": {
    "startDate": "2026-04-08",
    "broker": "Pakistan",
    "currentLabel": "Vance: conflict 'not a war' as blockade tally hits 87 vessels",
    "violationsLogged": 116,
    "strikesSinceCeasefire": 48,
    "notes": "VP Vance said \"I wouldn't call it a war\" and that \"there is no active shooting,\" declining to name a timeline for ending the conflict just before the Nov 3 midterm elections. CENTCOM's naval blockade of Iranian ports has now redirected 87 commercial vessels (3 disabled, 2 boarded) since Jul 14, up from 70 in late August. Iran's Sep 3 claimed strikes on US-linked bases in Kuwait and the UAE remain unconfirmed by US officials, and no new US-Iran strike occurred Sep 4-5."
  },
  "sources": [
    {
      "name": "CSIS",
      "title": "Estimated Cost of Epic Fury's First 100 Hours",
      "url": "https://www.csis.org/analysis/37-billion-estimated-cost-epic-furys-first-100-hours"
    },
    {
      "name": "CSIS",
      "title": "Cost Update: $11.3B at Day 6, $16.5B at Day 12",
      "url": "https://www.csis.org/analysis/iran-war-cost-estimate-update-113-billion-day-6-165-billion-day-12"
    },
    {
      "name": "CRS R48887",
      "title": "U.S. Conflict with Iran",
      "url": "https://www.congress.gov/crs_external_products/R/PDF/R48887/R48887.1.pdf"
    },
    {
      "name": "DoD",
      "title": "DoD Casualty Status Releases",
      "url": "https://www.defense.gov/News/Casualty-Status/"
    },
    {
      "name": "Penn Wharton Budget Model",
      "title": "Iran War Cost Projections",
      "url": "https://budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu/"
    },
    {
      "name": "HRANA",
      "title": "Iran Casualty Database",
      "url": "https://www.en-hrana.org/"
    },
    {
      "name": "UNOCHA",
      "title": "Middle East Humanitarian Updates",
      "url": "https://www.unocha.org/middle-east-and-north-africa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Reuters",
      "title": "Pakistan Brokers US-Iran Ceasefire",
      "url": "https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/pakistan-brokers-us-iran-ceasefire"
    },
    {
      "name": "NPR",
      "title": "Casualties and Cost of the War in Iran",
      "url": "https://www.npr.org/2026/04/07/nx-s1-5775775/how-much-has-the-us-spent-on-the-war-in-iran"
    },
    {
      "name": "Brown University",
      "title": "Costs of War Project",
      "url": "https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/"
    }
  ],
  "pages": {
    "warCost": "https://militaryspend.org/us-iran-war",
    "casualties": "https://militaryspend.org/iran-war-casualties",
    "ceasefire": "https://militaryspend.org/iran-ceasefire-status",
    "hormuz": "https://militaryspend.org/strait-of-hormuz"
  },
  "license": "Cite with attribution to MilitarySpend.org and a link to the source tracker page."
}